OF THE CAROLINAS & GEORGIA

Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Rosids: Fabids: Malpighiales

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Viola rafinesquei   FAMILY Violaceae   Go to FSUS key



SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Viola bicolor   FAMILY Violaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Viola (Ballard [in prep])

Viola rafinesquei

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)

Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 6 (2015)

Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002)

Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)

Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH (UNACCEPTABLE ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIANT) VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 130-02-028:

Viola rafinesquii   FAMILY Violaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)

Viola kitaibeliana var. rafinesquii

SYNONYMOUS WITH (UNACCEPTABLE ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIANT) Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)

Viola rafinesquii

 

COMMON NAME:
Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy


         To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913    pnd_vira5_001_lvd

        

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Keith Bradley    kab_viola_bicolor_0801

February    Lexington County    SC

Riverbanks Botanical Garden

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Richard and Teresa Ware    rtw_viola_bicolor_2_s

February        

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Herbarium of Clemson University    h_cu80646

March    Anderson County    SC

Clemson Forest

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Herbarium of Clemson University    h_cu80646b

March    Anderson County    SC

Clemson Forest

Leaves rounded with long petioles (1-3cm); stipules large, cleft and lobed, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm090318_008

March    Greenville County    SC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm100330_022

March    Greenville County    SC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm110319_063

March    Pickens County    SC

Hagood Mill

Sepals 3-6mm long, abruptly acute, shorter than the petals, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Keith Bradley    kab_viola_bicolor_4328

March    Polk County    NC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Roxanna Martin    rlm31911_112

March    Spartanburg County    SC

Flowers lavender to white with purple veins and a yellow center, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Roxanna Martin    rlm31911_114

March    Spartanburg County    SC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    s100330_a

March    Greenville County    SC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    s100330_b

March    Greenville County    SC

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

Herbarium of Clemson University    h_cu32714

April    Prince George's County    MD

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm080405_014

April    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

Leaves with very large, leafy, lobed stipules at their base, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm080405_021

April    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

image of Viola rafinesquei, Johnny Jump-up, American Field Pansy, Wild Pansy

JK Marlow    jkm230418_2566

April    Pickens County    SC

Glassy Mountain Heritage Preserve

Auricles prominent, entire or erose, not elongating in fruit, per A taxonomic treatment of the violets (Violaceae) of the northeastern US and adjacent Canada (Ballard, Kartesz, & Nishino, 2023).

 

 

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Viola rafinesquei   FAMILY Violaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Viola bicolor   FAMILY Violaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Viola (Ballard [in prep])
Viola rafinesquei

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America north of Mexico, vol. 6
Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Violaceae of the Southeastern US (McKinney & Russell, 2002)
Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Viola bicolor

SYNONYMOUS WITH (UNACCEPTABLE ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIANT) VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 130-02-028:
Viola rafinesquii   FAMILY Violaceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Viola kitaibeliana var. rafinesquii

SYNONYMOUS WITH (UNACCEPTABLE ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIANT) Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Viola rafinesquii

 

Find by SCIENTIFIC NAME:

1656

Forb
Winter annual

Habitat: Pastures, roadsides, lawns, other disturbed habitats, less commonly in dry rocky woodlands and barrens, per Weakley's Flora

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

Common (uncommon in GA Coastal Plain)

map
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.

LEAVES:
Simple
Plant caulescent (with an obvious, leafy, above-ground stem). Leaves alternate
Margins entire or crenate-serrate
Stipules foliaceous, lobed
Leaves glabrous or with some short stiff trichomes

FLOWER:
Spring
Pale blue-violet with a cream center (or white with blue veins)
Bilaterally symmetrical
Lateral petals bearded
5 sepals
5 petals
5 stamens

FRUIT:
Spring
Capsule

 

TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!



 


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