Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Lamiids: Lamiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Collinsonia canadensis
FAMILY
Lamiaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Read more about Northern Horsebalm at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Collinsonia canadensis
FAMILY
Lamiaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN A taxonomic revision of Collinsonia (Peirson, Cantino, & Ballard, 2006)
Collinsonia canadensis
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 164-33-001:
Collinsonia canadensis FAMILY Lamiaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Collinsonia canadensis
COMMON NAME:
Northern Horsebalm, Citronella, Canada Stoneroot, Canada Horsebalm
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA Forest Service / A Guide to Medicinal Plants of Appalachia. 1969 mpa_page_101
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_coca4_001_lvd
)
JK Marlow jkm200415_3905
April Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
Upper leaf surface is hairless to sparsely short-pubescent, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
)
JK Marlow jkm200415_3906
April Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
Leaves 2-6" long, usually ovate in shape, margins coarsely serrate-crenate, per www.illinoiswildflowers.info.
)
JK Marlow jkm220427_7323
April Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm220427_7326
April Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm100515_103
May Henderson County NC
Pisgah National Forest: Pisgah Ranger District
)
JK Marlow jkm230531_3681
May Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
3 or more pairs of oval leaves, spaced rather evenly along the stem, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
)
JK Marlow jkm240508_9152
May Greenville County SC
)
JK Marlow jkm120704_435
July Greenville County SC
Ashmore Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm150827_980
August Haywood County NC
Corneille Bryan Native Garden
)
JK Marlow jkm0509l_18
September Transylvania County NC
Silver Run Preserve
An open pyramidal panicle of lemon-scented yellow flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
JK Marlow jkm210903_3278
September Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
Calyx zygomorphic, 2-lipped, upper lip 3-toothed, lower lip with 2 long teeth, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
JK Marlow jkm210903_3280
September Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm230927_5664
September Pickens County SC
Laurel Fork Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm230927_5666
September Pickens County SC
Laurel Fork Heritage Preserve
Middle lobe of lower lip lacerated; stigma 2-cleft & long-exserted; stamens 2, long-exserted, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
COMPARE
flowers of Horsebalm species
)
JK Marlow jkm230927_5670
September Pickens County SC
Laurel Fork Heritage Preserve
)
JK Marlow jkm211112_4915
November Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm211112_4916
November Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
)
JK Marlow jkm211112_4917
November Greenville County SC
Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Collinsonia canadensis
FAMILY
Lamiaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Collinsonia canadensis
FAMILY
Lamiaceae
INCLUDED WITHIN
A taxonomic revision of Collinsonia (Peirson, Cantino, & Ballard, 2006)
Collinsonia canadensis
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 164-33-001:
Collinsonia canadensis
FAMILY
Lamiaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Collinsonia canadensis
352
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: cove forests, rich forests, especially over calcareous or mafic substrates, per Weakley's Flora
Native to the Carolinas & Georgia
Common (uncommon to rare in Coastal Plain)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
LEAVES:
Simple
Opposite
FLOWER:
Summer/Fall
Yellow
Bilaterally symmetrical
2-lipped calyx
2-lipped 5-lobed corolla
2 long-exserted stamens (usually)
Superior ovary
Bisexual
FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Schizocarp of mericarps
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005) p038
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001) p138
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022) p149
- Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022) p433
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p082
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p225
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) p084
- Wildflowers in the Field and Forest: Northeastern US (Clemants & Gracie, 2006) p206
- Wild Flowers of NC, 2nd edition (Justice, Bell, & Lindsey, 2005) p221
- Field Guide to the Wildflowers of Georgia (Chafin, 2016) p231
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p218
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p258
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p146
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