Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Lamiids: Lamiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Linaria vulgaris
FAMILY
Plantaginaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Check out EDDMapS.org to see where this has been reported.
Read more about Butter-and-eggs at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Linaria vulgaris
FAMILY
Scrophulariaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Linaria vulgaris
SYNONYMOUS WITH Flora of North America
Linaria vulgaris
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 166-16-002:
Linaria vulgaris FAMILY Scrophulariaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Linaria linaria
COMMON NAME:
Butter-and-eggs, Yellow Toadflax, Wild-snapdragon
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA / Selected Weeds of the US. 1970 swus_page_329
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk842_55b
July
Flower has an orange "palate" that nearly closes the throat of the corolla, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk842_55c
July
Leaves numerous, narrow, distributed uniformly up to the inflorescence, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
)
Ben Geer Keys bgk842_a
July
1"-long yellow flowers with downward pointing spurs, crowded in a spike, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
)
Stephanie C. Brundage scb_091219EClayCty10ed
September Clay County NC
)
Stephanie C. Brundage scb_091219EClayCty11ed
September Clay County NC
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/24/22):
Linaria vulgaris
FAMILY
Plantaginaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Linaria vulgaris
FAMILY
Scrophulariaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Linaria vulgaris
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Flora of North America
Linaria vulgaris
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 166-16-002:
Linaria vulgaris
FAMILY
Scrophulariaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Linaria linaria
842
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: Fields, pastures, roadsides, disturbed areas, per Weakley's Flora
Non-native: Europe
Common in NC Mountains, uncommon in SC Mountains & NC Piedmont (rare elsewhere in GA-NC-SC)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
LEAVES:
Simple
Alternate, rarely basal leaves whorled
FLOWER:
Spring/Summer/Fall
Yellow
Bilaterally symmetrical
5-parted calyx
2-lipped corolla
4 included stamens (2 long, 2 short)
Superior ovary
Bisexual
Inflorescence a raceme
FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Capsule
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p048
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p221
- Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999) P086
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p241
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p285
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p157
If a search such as "Carex leptalea var. leptalea" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "Carex leptalea".
Or, to minimize chances of a misspelling, try just "Carex le".
Less is more: If "pencil flower" doesn't deliver the results you want, try "pencil".